Data is information converted to bits. To know what the bits mean, however, we must know the format, i.e., how information is represented or coded in bits. Data with an unknown format has little value and with a known format has a value that is inversely proportional to the effort required to convert it to an understandable format. Therefore, to be “the New Oil of the Digital Economy”, data should have a standard format. The way international bodies are organised…

Research, personnel, training and processing can bring the development costs of a neural network anywhere from a few thousand to a few hundreds of thousand dollars. Therefore, the AI industry needs a technology to ensure traceability and integrity not only of a neural network, but also of the content generated by it (so-called inference). The content industry facing a  similar problem, has used watermarking to imperceptibly and persistently insert a payload carrying, e.g., owner ID, timestamp, etc. to signal the ownership of a content item. Watermarking…

Processing and generation of natural language is an area where artificial Intelligence is expected to make a difference compared to traditional technologies. Version 1 of the MPAI Multimodal Conversation standard (MPAI-MMC V1), specifically the Conversation with Emotion use case, has addressed this and related challenges: processing and generation not only of speech but also of the corresponding human face when both convey emotion. The audio and video produced by a human conversing with the machine represented by the blue box…